تقارن وعدم تقارن در مفاهیم دموکراتیک در ایران و بریطانیا، مقاله ای به زبان انگلیسی

 Contrast and compare the level of democracy system in Iran and the UK and assess the chances for improvement in the future

This report examine the issue of democratic theory through focusing on universal Suffrage, free speech, legal equality and constitutional checks. The report also focus on the demographic of both countries, and the connection between geographical of both countries and political system. Finally, the report explains the ways of chances of improvement of political system in Iran and the UK.  

Philippe (1991) defined democracy ” as a system of policy that usually chosen by majority of population”. In another hand, it is partially possible to say that the meaning of democracy is contested with no universal definition that is applicable.  

In democratic system, governments often chosen by the majority of people, and always protected by the system of ministerial responsibility. In democratic system, if a government make any mistake maybe berated or moved sideways, and give the opportunity to another group to run the system. In democratic system, not only is there not significant relationship between democracy and war participation, but there is not also relationship between democracy and political harshness. There are strong connection between democracy and Human Rights, economy, and association. 

Universal Suffrage inside the UK is applicable to all citizens over the age of eighteen with any religion, race or political affiliation.

The judiciary system in the UK is independent. This can be explain that governments cannot run the judiciary system, person has all the rights to defence of itself, and decisions made by the independent judges (Constitutional Reform Act, 2005).

The UK is generally accepted to be a liberal representative democracy. It means that the level of democracy and freedom for citizens are high in comparison with country like Iran. Moreover, the UK has had a great influence on spreading international democracy in the world. The UK is also a member of the EU, the UN Security Council, the Commonwealth and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). However, attending the illegal war against Iraq in base of sending democracy through military forces was a critical case for the UK’s system that affected the reputation of British democracy.

The system in the UK respects all the article of universal declaration of human rights that ”all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights”, ”everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms (Article 2)”, ”everyone has the rights to life, liberty and security of person (article 3)”. For example, everyone in the UK has right to access NHS, education, accommodation and other welfare.

However, in another hand, Universal Suffrage inside Iran are poor, and the country run by the Assembly of Experts in general, and Ali Khamenyi in particular in base of Shiite safavism and the ideology of Persians’. The Supreme leader of the Iranian regime controlled the armed forces, Supreme Judicial authority of the country, and head of the radio and television network in Iran.

In Iran non- Persian nations, such as Arab in Al-Ahwaz, Kurds, Turkish Azeri, Turkmen, Baluch, and others, and even other religious minority such as Baha’ism, Christians, Jews, Sunny Muslims also have not equal rights the same as Persian.

Iran is the second country in giving execution sentences after China in the world. Iranian regime suppression of the peace demonstration in Iran. For example, the Iranian security guard invaded the peace demonstration in Ahwaz in 2005. From 15 April to 17 April, at least 31 Arabs were killed and hundreds injured during clashes with the police following demonstrations in Ahwaz. Hundreds of other people were detained. The demonstrators were protesting against a letter allegedly written by a presidential adviser, who denied its authenticity, which set out policies for the reduction of the Arab population of Ahwaz (Report of amnesty international 2006). 

The Iranian security guard also invaded the demonstration in all Iran like the protest in Tehran the Capital city of Iran in 2009 after the result of the election.

The Iranian regime since the establishment of the Islamic republic in 1979 never respects the articles of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which Iran itself signed it. For instance, no-one in Iran has right to ask for its freedom, and security, and give its opinion. No-one has right to choose religion and establishing NGOs or political parties.

The judiciary system in Iran is under control by the Iranian intelligence services. This can be explain that many activities sent to long prison or the death penalty by the revolutionary court, which they give the decisions after communication with the intelligence services. For instance, the death penalty against two members of Al-Hewar cultural group, and the death sentence against two members of youth cultural organisation (Amnesty international, February and 9 May 2014).

There is not any connection between terrorism and democracy. However, the Iranian regime since the establishment of the Islamic Republic in 1979, views terrorism as a legitimate means to further its ideological and strategic aims – 

• Exporting the Revolution
• Creating terrorism groups in ideas of Shiite Safavism to run instability in several countries, especially in the Middle East like terrorisms group in Iraq, and Lebanon.
• Destabilizing the Arab countries like Bahrain
• Eliminating the Iranian regime’s opposition in general, and non-Persian groups in particular through terror or suppression.
• Terror against Western Targets like bombing the western targets in Lebanon, Iraq 

The purpose here is to highlight that the UK as a democratic country is governed by the United system between Scotland, England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Every country has own flag, national system like education system, and own language. However, the regime in Iran mainly focusing to wipe the languages of non-Persian nations through media propaganda, and fake history. Non-Persian nations like Ahwaz, Azerbaijan, Baluchistan, Turkmen and Kurdish have no right to study in their mother languages, to study their own history, to learn their cultures.

The death penalty, tortured, isolation, segregation, poverty and other cases threatened the lives of majority of activists in Iran, particular activists in Al-Ahwaz. The number of death row in Iran increased even after Rohani became the president of Iran.  

To conclude, this report examines that the interpretation of democracy based on four key principles, such as universal suffrage, participation in politics, judicial system and freedom.

A model of democracy in the UK respects all articles of universal declaration of human rights for all citizens with any background religion, colour, or opinion. However, joining the illegal war in Iraq, and has not punished Toni Blair regarding to his lie in Iraq, have definitely affected the political system in the UK. Therefore, bringing new laws to limitation government in joining any war can be helpful for the future of the UK’s system. 

The reports also examines that the word of democracy does not have connection with the system of the Iranian regim. Therefore, the only ways of chances of improvement of political system in Iran is supporting people to change the regime and helping them to move to democratic system. Supporting Ahwaz and other non-Persian nations to have self-determination is another way to improve political system in Iran. 

Written by: Kamil Alboshoka

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